/*
 * Copyright (C) 2012 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.koushikdutta.async.http.libcore;

import com.koushikdutta.async.util.Charsets;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

/**
 * Buffers input from an {@link InputStream} for reading lines.
 *
 * This class is used for buffered reading of lines. For purposes of this class, a line ends with
 * "\n" or "\r\n". End of input is reported by throwing {@code EOFException}. Unterminated line at
 * end of input is invalid and will be ignored, the caller may use {@code hasUnterminatedLine()}
 * to detect it after catching the {@code EOFException}.
 *
 * This class is intended for reading input that strictly consists of lines, such as line-based
 * cache entries or cache journal. Unlike the {@link BufferedReader} which in conjunction with
 * {@link InputStreamReader} provides similar functionality, this class uses different
 * end-of-input reporting and a more restrictive definition of a line.
 *
 * This class supports only charsets that encode '\r' and '\n' as a single byte with value 13
 * and 10, respectively, and the representation of no other character contains these values.
 * We currently check in constructor that the charset is one of US-ASCII, UTF-8 and ISO-8859-1.
 * The default charset is US_ASCII.
 */
public class StrictLineReader implements Closeable {
    private static final byte CR = (byte)'\r';
    private static final byte LF = (byte)'\n';

    private final InputStream in;

    /*
     * Buffered data is stored in {@code buf}. As long as no exception occurs, 0 <= pos <= end
     * and the data in the range [pos, end) is buffered for reading. At end of input, if there is
     * an unterminated line, we set end == -1, otherwise end == pos. If the underlying
     * {@code InputStream} throws an {@code IOException}, end may remain as either pos or -1.
     */
    private byte[] buf;
    private int pos;
    private int end;

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code StrictLineReader} with the default capacity and charset.
     *
     * @param in the {@code InputStream} to read data from.
     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code in} is null.
     */
    public StrictLineReader(InputStream in) {
        this(in, 8192);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code LineReader} with the specified capacity and the default charset.
     *
     * @param in the {@code InputStream} to read data from.
     * @param capacity the capacity of the buffer.
     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code in} is null.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException for negative or zero {@code capacity}.
     */
    public StrictLineReader(InputStream in, int capacity) {
        this(in, capacity, Charsets.US_ASCII);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code LineReader} with the specified charset and the default capacity.
     *
     * @param in the {@code InputStream} to read data from.
     * @param charset the charset used to decode data.
     *         Only US-ASCII, UTF-8 and ISO-8859-1 is supported.
     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code in} or {@code charset} is null.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified charset is not supported.
     */
    public StrictLineReader(InputStream in, Charset charset) {
        this(in, 8192, charset);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code LineReader} with the specified capacity and charset.
     *
     * @param in the {@code InputStream} to read data from.
     * @param capacity the capacity of the buffer.
     * @param charset the charset used to decode data.
     *         Only US-ASCII, UTF-8 and ISO-8859-1 is supported.
     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code in} or {@code charset} is null.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code capacity} is negative or zero
     *         or the specified charset is not supported.
     */
    public StrictLineReader(InputStream in, int capacity, Charset charset) {
        if (in == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("in == null");
        } else if (charset == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("charset == null");
        }
        if (capacity < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("capacity <= 0");
        }
        if (!(charset.equals(Charsets.US_ASCII) || charset.equals(Charsets.UTF_8))) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported encoding");
        }

        this.in = in;
        buf = new byte[capacity];
    }

    /**
     * Closes the reader by closing the underlying {@code InputStream} and
     * marking this reader as closed.
     *
     * @throws IOException for errors when closing the underlying {@code InputStream}.
     */
    @Override
    public void close() throws IOException {
        synchronized (in) {
            if (buf != null) {
                buf = null;
                in.close();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Reads the next line. A line ends with {@code "\n"} or {@code "\r\n"},
     * this end of line marker is not included in the result.
     *
     * @return the next line from the input.
     * @throws IOException for underlying {@code InputStream} errors.
     * @throws EOFException for the end of source stream.
     */
    public String readLine() throws IOException {
        synchronized (in) {
            if (buf == null) {
                throw new IOException("LineReader is closed");
            }

            // Read more data if we are at the end of the buffered data.
            // Though it's an error to read after an exception, we will let {@code fillBuf()}
            // throw again if that happens; thus we need to handle end == -1 as well as end == pos.
            if (pos >= end) {
                fillBuf();
            }
            // Try to find LF in the buffered data and return the line if successful.
            for (int i = pos; i != end; ++i) {
                if (buf[i] == LF) {
                    int lineEnd = (i != pos && buf[i - 1] == CR) ? i - 1 : i;
                    String res = new String(buf, pos, lineEnd - pos);
                    pos = i + 1;
                    return res;
                }
            }

            // Let's anticipate up to 80 characters on top of those already read.
            ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream(end - pos + 80) {
                @Override
                public String toString() {
                    int length = (count > 0 && buf[count - 1] == CR) ? count - 1 : count;
                    return new String(buf, 0, length);
                }
            };

            while (true) {
                out.write(buf, pos, end - pos);
                // Mark unterminated line in case fillBuf throws EOFException or IOException.
                end = -1;
                fillBuf();
                // Try to find LF in the buffered data and return the line if successful.
                for (int i = pos; i != end; ++i) {
                    if (buf[i] == LF) {
                        if (i != pos) {
                            out.write(buf, pos, i - pos);
                        }
                        pos = i + 1;
                        return out.toString();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Read an {@code int} from a line containing its decimal representation.
     *
     * @return the value of the {@code int} from the next line.
     * @throws IOException for underlying {@code InputStream} errors or conversion error.
     * @throws EOFException for the end of source stream.
     */
    public int readInt() throws IOException {
        String intString = readLine();
        try {
            return Integer.parseInt(intString);
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new IOException("expected an int but was \"" + intString + "\"");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Check whether there was an unterminated line at end of input after the line reader reported
     * end-of-input with EOFException. The value is meaningless in any other situation.
     *
     * @return true if there was an unterminated line at end of input.
     */
    public boolean hasUnterminatedLine() {
        return end == -1;
    }

    /**
     * Reads new input data into the buffer. Call only with pos == end or end == -1,
     * depending on the desired outcome if the function throws.
     *
     * @throws IOException for underlying {@code InputStream} errors.
     * @throws EOFException for the end of source stream.
     */
    private void fillBuf() throws IOException {
        int result = in.read(buf, 0, buf.length);
        if (result == -1) {
            throw new EOFException();
        }
        pos = 0;
        end = result;
    }
}

